Folk music can be described as traditional and cultural. It is a diverse and rich genre with unique characteristics that vary from region to region. While folk music sounds different in each culture, there are common traits such as customs, simple melodies and lyrics, repeated choruses and verses, storytelling, acoustic instruments, themes of love, nature, social issues, work, and protest, as well as improvisation. All these features are embedded in traditional Canadian folk music. In the 1990s, a festival was established to honour this musical heritage, making it an annual and integral part of Canada’s cultural life. More details at ottawaski.com.
Canadian Music: Origins and Development
Canadian music has a long history dating back to the 16th century. The melodies of traditional Canadian folk music were primarily influenced by the early settlers in Canada, as well as elements borrowed from Indigenous music. However, significant development of Canadian folk music did not occur until the modern era. Some of the most influential folk musicians in Canada include Bruce Cockburn, Buffy Sainte-Marie, and Ferron.
Like many other musical genres, Canadian folk music relies on specific instruments. The violin (fiddle) is considered the primary instrument of traditional Canadian folk music.
History of the Ottawa Folk Festival
For centuries, folk music has been an essential part of many cultures, and Canada is no exception. Despite being shaped by various cultural influences over time, Canada has established its own traditions, customs, and musical identity. To celebrate this heritage, a festival dedicated to folk music was founded.
The origins of the Ottawa Folk Festival date back to 1994 when it was first held at the “Great Lawn” in Lansdowne Park. The festival took place in September and lasted for four to five days, allowing attendees to immerse themselves in the sounds of traditional Canadian music.
The Development of Traditional Canadian Music and the Ottawa Folk Festival
Throughout the 20th century, numerous folk music bands existed in Canada, but they remained relatively obscure compared to mainstream musical groups. As a result, when the Ottawa Folk Festival debuted in 1994, it attracted only a modest audience. The festival featured a few local folk bands, but despite its small scale, it became a significant event for those seeking an alternative to mainstream music festivals. The festival’s focus on folk music, historical roots, traditions, and acoustic performances set it apart, making it one of the most unique music festivals in Canada.
More Than Just a Music Festival
Over the years, the festival has hosted numerous folk bands, providing a platform for traditional Canadian sounds performed by renowned artists. In 2011, the festival expanded its genre range to include a broader spectrum of musical styles. This diversification is reflected in its lineup, which now includes artists blending folk with rock, blues, country, and other popular genres.
Since the 1990s, many legendary musicians have performed at the Ottawa Folk Festival, including Robert Plant, Hozier, David Byrne, Jack Johnson, Van Morrison, Wilco, Lorde, Blue Rodeo, Emmylou Harris, Kendrick Lamar, Arlo Guthrie, Natalie MacMaster, Steve Earle, Sarah Harmer, and Ron Sexsmith. These artists have left an indelible mark on the festival’s history and helped solidify its reputation as a must-visit event for folk music enthusiasts.
Beyond musical performances, the festival also offers a marketplace featuring locally produced goods, craft beer, and traditional foods. Additionally, the festival hosts various initiatives supporting local talent, such as “Marvest,” a program dedicated to fostering emerging artists. In the 21st century, the festival is no longer just about music—it is a celebration of culture, traditions, and community.
The Ottawa Folk Festival stands as a testament to the importance of preserving and celebrating folk music and traditions. From its humble beginnings in 1994, the festival has grown into one of the most anticipated cultural events in Canada. Today, it attracts over 200,000 visitors annually, drawing attendees not only from Ottawa but from across the country. The festival remains an iconic part of Canada’s musical and cultural landscape.